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| (Photo illustration: Shutterstock) |
By Alastair Sloan #
Human rights organisations
suspect a live YouTube broadcast detailing abuses by the Indonesian
government may have been the real reason behind “technical difficulties”
at an environmental conference in Oregon.
Two Papua tribesmen had travelled to Oregon specially for the Public Interest Environmental Law Conference in Oregon, “the world’s most important environmental law conference.”
A live broadcast of the
conference mysteriously went silent when the tribesmen started telling
the audience about human rights violations by the Indonesia government,
perpetrated in their homeland
The pictures on the slideshow, illustrating their points, were
behind them and still visible, although their commentary was not audible
to anyone listening from home.
Survivor International, who also sent a delegate to the conference,
told Index on Censorship that they suspect the attack was a hack, and
that their organisation has been targeted by Indonesian agents in the
past.
“In 2010, our website was taken offline,” said Sophie Grig, South East Asia
Researcher. “We had posted a video of Indonesian soldiers torturing
Papuan trible people. Other groups who also posted the video were
hacked.”
The attack lasted for two days, during which all websites who had
posted the video were bombarded by thousands of requests from thousands
of computers worldwide, and the German police began an investigation after one of the hacked groups, based in Germany, made a complaint.
At the time, Survival’s Director Stephen Corry commented ‘This isn’t
a couple of geeks in a shed, it’s an expensive and sophisticated attack
amounting to cyberterrorism. The damage to Survival International may
be substantial but is of course nothing compared to that inflicted on
West Papuan tribes.
He added “This is a struggle for the survival of the one million oppressed tribespeople in Indonesian West Papua.”
The two Papuans
who attended the conference in Oregon, are members of the Amungme
tribe, whose land is home to Grasberg, a mining facility operated by
19,500 employees.
“In the area around the mine, we’ve seen forced displacements,
reports of torture and illegal detention by the Indonesian military”
said Grig. “We also have strong concerns about the environmental
impact.”
Positioned on Papua’s highest mountain, Grasberg is home to the
largest gold mine in the world, as well as the third largest copper mine
in the world. It produces around
Local charities, as well
as international environmental charities, are concerned about the
increasing number of land slides and acidifying waste products in local
water sources, although the mines operators, Freeport and Rio Tinto,
insist their operations fit within international regulations.
Indonesia has occupied Papua (the western half of the island of New
Guinea) since 1963, and more than 100,000 Papuans are believed to have
been killed since then, many at the hands of the Indonesian military.
The government hold a 10% stake in one of the companies operating the
mine.
Although it is unclear which software was used to execute this hack,
according to Amnesty International in Indonesia, the Papuan military
have already purchased invasive internet monitoring
technology from Gamma International, a UK-based company. Gamma
International manufacture FinnFisher, software which is capable of
monitoring all internet communications in a country. The software has
been used by repressive regimes including Bahrain, UAE, Turkmenistan,
Egypt (under Mubarak, although it is unclear whether the software is
still in use).
Andreas Harsono, Indonesia Researcher for Amnesty International,
also told Index about some of the human rights abuses he regularly
observes in Papua
“I mainly deal with cases where freedom of expression is being
denied, as well as impunity amongst the military, police and prison
wardens,” he said, “There are also extra judicial killings,” he adds.
There are believed to be over seventy political prisoners held in brutal Indonesian prisons – some serving up to twenty years.
Sophie Grig from Survivor International warned Index
“West Papuans are no strangers to having their voices silenced.
Journalists are effectively banned from the region, other than in
exceptional circumstances and where they are accompanied by Indonesian government
minders. People are imprisoned when their only crime is to raise the
banned West Papuan flag, or to speak out against military atrocities and
the Indonesian rule of West Papua.”
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